Opportunities for imperfect food: Analyzing preferences along the agri-food value chain
Investigators:
Aaron Enriquez (U.S. Geological Survey)
Carola Grebitus (Arizona State University)
Yizao Liu (Pennsylvania State University)
Martina Vecchi (University of Southampton (UK)
Aaron Enriquez
Title: Research Economist, Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey
Email: [email protected]
Staff Profile: https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/aaron-j-enriquez
Carola Grebitus
Title: Professor
Email: [email protected]
Maria Kalaitzandonakes
Title: Assistant Professor
Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Email: [email protected]
Yizao Liu
Title: Associate Professor
Department of Agricultural Economic, Sociology and Education, Pennsylvania State University
Email: [email protected]
Profile: https://aese.psu.edu/directory/yul459
Katya Stoliarova
Title: Postdoctoral Research Scholar
Email: [email protected]
Grace Tione
Title: PhD Candidate
Department of International Environmental and Development Studies.
Norwegian University of Life science, NMBU
Email: [email protected]
Martina Vecchi
Title: Lecturer in the Department of Economics within the School of Economic, Social and Political Science (ESPS) at the University of Southampton (UK)
Email: [email protected]
Profile: https://www.southampton.ac.uk/people/65c8dm/doctor-martina-vecchi#about
Kelsey Vourazeris
Title: Assistant Professor
Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, North Carolina State University
Email: [email protected]
2026
Stoliarova, E. (2026): Imperfect Produce, Food Waste and Food Retailing, Research Seminar, at California Polytechnic State University, 02/19/2026, San Luis Obispo, CA.
Akter, H. (2026): Essays on Promoting Imperfect Produce to Mitigate Food Loss and Waste, Doctoral Dissertation Proposal Defense, at Morrison School of Agribusiness, Arizona State University, 04/29/2026, Mesa, AZ.
2025
Grebitus, C. (2025): Strategies for Reducing Food Waste Along the Value Chain – The Case of Imperfect Produce. Göttingen University, 02/28/2025, Germany.
Stoliarova, E. and Grebitus, C. (2025): Experimental Methods to Elicit the Willingness-to-Pay for Random Weight Goods – The Example of Imperfect Produce. Agricultural & Applied Economics Association Conference, 07/27-07/29/2025, Denver, CO.
Stoliarova, E. (2025): Essays on Measuring Demand, Consumer Preferences, and Retail
Performance of Second-Quality Produce. Dissertation Defense, 4/11/2025, Mesa, AZ.
Akter, H. and Grebitus, C. (2025): Achieving Triple-Bottom-Line Sustainability in the U.S. Fresh Produce Supply Chain. Graduate Student Poster Presentation, W. P. Carey Research Impact Day, Arizona State University, 4/28/2025, Tempe, AZ.
2024
Stoliarova, E., Grebitus, C., and Richards, T. (2024): Demand for Second-Quality Produce. Decision Sciences Institute Conference, 11/23-11/25, Phoenix, AZ.
Akter, H., Stoliarova, E., and Grebitus, C. (2024): Reducing Food Waste by Increasing Imperfect Produce Sales – A Supply Chain Investigation. Decision Sciences Institute Conference, 11/23-11/25, Phoenix, AZ.
Stoliarova, E., Grebitus, C., and Richards, T. (2024): Demand for imperfect produce. Agricultural & Applied Economics Association Conference, 07/28-07/30, New Orleans, LA.
Grebitus, C., Stoliarova, E., Akter, H., and Enriquez, A. (2024): Imperfect produce: Barriers and opportunities in the food supply chain. Agricultural & Applied Economics Association Conference, 07/28-07/30, New Orleans, LA.
Enriquez, A., Kalaitzandonakes, M., Vecchi, M., and Grebitus, C. (2024): Opportunities for Imperfect Food: Analyzing preferences along the agri-food value chain. Agricultural & Applied Economics Association Conference, 07/28-07/30, New Orleans, LA.
Stoliarova, E. (2024): Essays on Marketing Strategies for Imperfect Produce. Dissertation Proposal Defense, 5/6/2024, Mesa, AZ.
Grebitus, C. (2024): Strategies for reducing food waste: The case of imperfect produce. 07/19/2024, Webinar hosted by The Council on Food, Agriculture and Resource Economics (C-FARE).
Stoliarova, E. and Grebitus, C. (2024): Retail food waste and consumer quality preferences. Southern Agricultural Economics Association Conference, 02/3-02/6, Atlanta, GA.
2023
Stoliarova, E., and Grebitus, C. (2023): Feeding the world with imperfect produce. Arizona State University Institute for Social Science Research Graduate Student Poster Competition (Honorable Mention), 11/7/2023, Tempe, AZ.
Grebitus, C. (2023): Imperfect produce: Is it a food loss strategy? Participant in Food Safety Tech X-Change. 10/20/2023, The Global Produce and Floral Show, Anaheim, CA.
Stoliarova, E. (2023): Imperfect produce: Is it a food loss strategy? Participant in Food Safety Tech X-Change. 10/20/2023, The Global Produce and Floral Show, Anaheim, CA.
Stoliarova, E., and Grebitus, C. (2023): It's ugly! Retail food waste and consumer quality preferences. Agricultural & Applied Economics Association Conference, 07/23-07/25, Washington, DC.
Outreach Publications
Grebitus, C. and Stoliarova, E. (2026): Does Cosmetically Imperfect Produce Have a Chance in the Fresh Produce Market? Market Corner - The Council of Food, Agricultural & Resource Economics, December 2025. https://www.cfare.org/items/marketcornerdec25
Stoliarova E., Akter, H., and Grebitus, C. (Forthcoming), “Barriers and opportunities for imperfect produce,” Arizona Food Industry Journal, https://afmaaz.org/magazine/.
Academic Events
A Track Session titled ‘Strategies for Reducing Food Waste’ was organized by Grebitus, C. and Stoliarova, E. in 2024 at the Annual Meetings of the Agricultural & Applied Economics Association, New Orleans, LA.
Guest Lectures
Stoliarova, E.: Fresh Produce Marketing and Produce Waste, Guest Lecture in AEC 466 “Agricultural and Food Marketing Management”, Applied Economics Department, Oregon State University, Zoom presentation, 03/05/2026
Stoliarova, E.: Fresh Produce Supply Chains and Food Waste, Guest Lecture in AGB 410 “Food Supply Chains”, Morrison School of Agribusiness, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 10/13/2025
Stoliarova, E.: Fresh Produce Marketing and Produce Waste, Guest Lecture in AGB 420 “Food Marketing”, Morrison School of Agribusiness, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 10/13/2025
Funding Information:
U.S. Department of Agriculture; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative; Proposal Number: PENW-2022-10647
Reducing food waste has been identified as one of the most effective ways to improve food security and reduce the food system's carbon footprint. Approximately 20% of the discarded food is wasted for cosmetic reasons, being too misshapen, missized, or blemished to sell. This project aims to investigate the opportunities for imperfect foods to enter the market and reduce food waste, focusing on the whole value chain, including producers, distributors, retailers, and consumers. The ultimate goal is to develop practices and policy interventions that could help reduce food waste, aid farmer production, and lead to benefits for the environment (e.g., reduced carbon footprint) by means of introducing imperfect foods into the market.
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Carola Grebitus
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